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Benefit-risk profile of extended dual antiplatelet therapy beyond 1 year in patients with high risk of ischemic or bleeding events after PCI Switching of Oral Anticoagulation Therapy After PCI in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The RE-DUAL PCI Trial Subanalysis Use of clopidogrel with or without aspirin in patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: an open-label, randomised, controlled trial Ticagrelor With or Without Aspirin in High-Risk Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention A Platelet Function Modulator of Thrombin Activation Is Causally Linked to Cardiovascular Disease and Affects PAR4 Receptor Signaling Sex-Based Outcomes in Patients With a High Bleeding Risk After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and 1-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy: A Secondary Analysis of the LEADERS FREE Randomized Clinical Trial Updated Expert Consensus Statement on Platelet Function and Genetic Testing for Guiding P2Y12 Receptor Inhibitor Treatment in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Does Risk of Premature Discontinuation of Dual-Antiplatelet Therapy Following PCI Attenuate With Increasing Age?

Review Article12 (4), e007811

JOURNAL:Circulation. Article Link

Clopidogrel Pharmacogenetics: State-of-the-Art Review and the TAILOR-PCI Study

NL Pereira, CS Rihal, DYF So et al. Keywords: clinical trial; clopidogrel; cytochrome P450 CYP2C19; drug labeling; genetics; humans; pharmacogenetics

ABSTRACT


Common genetic variation in CYP2C19 (cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 19) *2 and *3 alleles leads to a loss of functional protein, and carriers of these loss-of-function alleles when treated with clopidogrel have significantly reduced clopidogrel active metabolite levels and high on-treatment platelet reactivity resulting in increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, especially after percutaneous coronary intervention. The Food and Drug Administration has issued a black box warning advising practitioners to consider alternative treatment in CYP2C19 poor metabolizers who might receive clopidogrel and to identify such patients by genotyping. However, routine clinical use of genotyping for CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention is not recommended by clinical guidelines because of lack of prospective evidence. To address this critical gap, TAILOR-PCI (Tailored Antiplatelet Initiation to Lessen Outcomes due to Decreased Clopidogrel Response After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) is a large, pragmatic, randomized trial comparing point-of-care genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy with routine care to determine whether identifying CYP2C19 loss-of-function allele patients prospectively and prescribing alternative antiplatelet therapy is beneficial.