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Infective Endocarditis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Ascending Aortic Length and Risk of Aortic Adverse Events: The Neglected Dimension Relationship Between Hospital Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Volume and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Outcomes Decline in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction During Follow-Up in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis Coronary Protection to Prevent Coronary Obstruction During TAVR: A Multicenter International Registry Evolving concepts in the management of antithrombotic therapy in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation Infective endocarditis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a nationwide study Leaflet immobility and thrombosis in transcatheter aortic valve replacement Determinants and Impact of Heart Failure Readmission Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Left Ventricular Rapid Pacing Via the Valve Delivery Guidewire in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Original ResearchFebruary 18, 2020 Vol 141, Issue 7

JOURNAL:Circulation. Article Link

The Use of Sex-Specific Factors in the Assessment of Women’s Cardiovascular Risk

A Agarwala, ED Michos, SS Virani et al. Keywords: atherosclerosis; coronary computed tomography angiography; imaging; preventive cardiology; risk stratification

ABSTRACT


Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women in the United States. As compared with men, women are less likely to be diagnosed appropriately, receive preventive care, or be treated aggressively for CVD. Sex differences between men and women have allowed for the identification of CVD risk factors and risk markers that are unique to women. The 2018 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Multi-Society cholesterol guideline and 2019 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline on the primary prevention of CVD introduced the concept of risk-enhancing factors that are specific to women and are associated with an increased risk of incident atherosclerotic CVD in women. These factors, if present, would favor more intensified lifestyle interventions and consideration of initiation or intensification of statin therapy for primary prevention to mitigate the increased risk. In this primer, we highlight sex-specific CVD risk factors in women, stress the importance of eliciting a thorough obstetrical and gynecological history during cardiovascular risk assessment, and provide a framework for how to initiate appropriate preventive measures when sex-specific risk factors are present.