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Coronary Access After TAVR Contemporary real-world outcomes of surgical aortic valve replacement in 141,905 low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk patients Comparison of safety and periprocedural complications of transfemoral aortic valve replacement under local anaesthesia: minimalist versus complete Heart Team Delirium After TAVR: Crosspassing the Limit of Resilience Prior Balloon Valvuloplasty Versus Direct Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Results From the DIRECTAVI Trial Increased Risk of Valvular Heart Disease in Systemic Sclerosis: An Underrecognized Cardiac Complication Incidence and Outcomes of Surgical Bailout During TAVR : Insights From the STS/ACC TVT Registry Early Surgery or Conservative Care for Asymptomatic Aortic Stenosis Predictors of high residual gradient after transcatheter aortic valve replacement in bicuspid aortic valve stenosis Transcatheter versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients with Prior Cardiac Surgery in the Randomized PARTNER 2A Trial

Original ResearchFebruary 18, 2020 Vol 141, Issue 7

JOURNAL:Circulation. Article Link

The Use of Sex-Specific Factors in the Assessment of Women’s Cardiovascular Risk

A Agarwala, ED Michos, SS Virani et al. Keywords: atherosclerosis; coronary computed tomography angiography; imaging; preventive cardiology; risk stratification

ABSTRACT


Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among women in the United States. As compared with men, women are less likely to be diagnosed appropriately, receive preventive care, or be treated aggressively for CVD. Sex differences between men and women have allowed for the identification of CVD risk factors and risk markers that are unique to women. The 2018 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Multi-Society cholesterol guideline and 2019 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guideline on the primary prevention of CVD introduced the concept of risk-enhancing factors that are specific to women and are associated with an increased risk of incident atherosclerotic CVD in women. These factors, if present, would favor more intensified lifestyle interventions and consideration of initiation or intensification of statin therapy for primary prevention to mitigate the increased risk. In this primer, we highlight sex-specific CVD risk factors in women, stress the importance of eliciting a thorough obstetrical and gynecological history during cardiovascular risk assessment, and provide a framework for how to initiate appropriate preventive measures when sex-specific risk factors are present.