CBS 2019
CBSMD教育中心
中 文

科学研究

Abstract

Recommended Article

High-risk plaque detected on coronary CT angiography predicts acute coronary syndromes independent of significant stenosis in acute chest pain: results from the ROMICAT-II trial Impact of Lesion Preparation Strategies on Outcomes of Left Main PCI: The EXCEL Trial Health Status After Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low-Risk Patients With Aortic Stenosis Optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation: a randomized, controlled trial. Use of clopidogrel with or without aspirin in patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: an open-label, randomised, controlled trial Is intravascular ultrasound beneficial for percutaneous coronary intervention of bifurcation lesions? Evidence from a 4,314-patient registry Predictors and Clinical Outcomes of Next-Day Discharge After Minimalist Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Third-Generation Balloon and Self-Expandable Valves for Aortic Stenosis in Large and Extra-Large Aortic Annuli From the TAVR-LARGE Registry

Review ArticleVolume 75, Issue 16, April 2020

JOURNAL:JACC Article Link

Lipid-Modifying Agents, From Statins to PCSK9 Inhibitors: JACC Focus Seminar

D Preiss, JA Tobert, GK Hovingh et al. Keywords: ezetimibe; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Mendelian randomization; proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9; statin

ABSTRACT

Mendelian randomization studies and randomized trials have conclusively demonstrated that lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol results in fewer cardiovascular events. This review describes key stages in the evolution of LDL cholesterol–lowering treatment. Data from over 25 cardiovascular outcome trials confirm that, within a few years, statins lower the relative risk of major atherosclerotic events by about 22% per 38.7 mg/dl (1 mmol/l) reduction in LDL cholesterol, with similar benefit across patient subgroups. Meta-analyses of these trials have established the safety of statins with regard to nonvascular mortality and cancer. Other agents available for prescription include ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, which both reduce major atherosclerotic events in proportion to their effects on LDL cholesterol and have good safety profiles, though PCSK9 inhibitors remain costly. Investigational LDL cholesterol–lowering agents currently being tested in cardiovascular outcome studies are bempedoic acid, an adenosine triphosphate–citrate lyase inhibitor that reduces cholesterol synthesis, and inclisiran, a double-stranded small interfering ribonucleic acid that inhibits PCSK9 synthesis.