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Current Smoking and Prognosis After Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: New Pathophysiological Insights An open-Label, 2 × 2 factorial, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the safety of apixaban vs. vitamin K antagonist and aspirin vs. placebo in patients with atrial fibrillation and acute coronary syndrome and/or percutaneous coronary intervention: Rationale and design of the AUGUSTUS trial Healed Culprit Plaques in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Switching P2Y12-receptor inhibitors in patients with coronary artery disease Biolimus-A9 polymer-free coated stent in high bleeding risk patients with acute coronary syndrome: a Leaders Free ACS sub-study Macrophage MST1/2 Disruption Impairs Post-Infarction Cardiac Repair via LTB4 Systems of Care for ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Policy Statement From the American Heart Association 2021 ACC/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Coronary Artery Revascularization: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines Advances in Clinical Cardiology 2020: A Summary of Key Clinical Trials Complete Revascularization Versus Culprit Lesion Only in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Disease: A DANAMI-3-PRIMULTI Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Substudy

Review ArticleVolume 71, Issue 15, April 2018

JOURNAL:J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

Restenosis, Stent Thrombosis, and Bleeding Complications - Navigating Between Scylla and Charybdis

J Torrado, L Buckley, A Durán et al. Keywords: biodegradable polymers; bioresorbable vascular scaffold; bleeding; drug-eluting stent; PCI; stent restenosis; stent thrombosis

ABSTRACT


The field of interventional cardiology has significantly evolved over 40 years by overcoming several challenges. The introduction of first-generation drug-eluting stents significantly reduced the rates of restenosis, but at the expense of an increase of late stent thrombosis. Prolonged antithrombotic therapy reduced rates of stent thrombosis, but at the cost of increased bleeding. Although the advent of second-generation drug-eluting stents subsequently reduced the incidence of late stent thrombosis, its permanent nature prevents full recovery of vascular structure and function with accordant risk of very late stent failure. In the present era of interventional cardiology, the tradeoff between stent thrombosis, restenosis, and bleeding presents as a particularly complex challenge. In this review, the authors highlight major contributors of late/very late stent thrombosis while targeting stent restenosis, and they discuss evolutionary advances in stent technology and antiplatelet therapy, to further improve upon the care of patients with coronary artery disease.