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Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Myocardial Infarction in the Absence of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Effect of a Restrictive vs Liberal Blood Transfusion Strategy on Major Cardiovascular Events Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Anemia: The REALITY Randomized Clinical Trial Relations between implementation of new treatments and improved outcomes in patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction during the last 20 years: experiences from SWEDEHEART registry 1995 to 2014 Clinical and Angiographic Features of Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Acute Myocardial Infarction Proportion and Morphological Features of Restenosis Lesions With Acute Coronary Syndrome in Different Timings of Target Lesion Revascularization After Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation Coronary CT Angiography and 5-Year Risk of Myocardial Infarction Phosphoproteomic Analysis of Neonatal Regenerative Myocardium Revealed Important Roles of CHK1 via Activating mTORC1/P70S6K Pathway Post-Discharge Bleeding and Mortality Following Acute Coronary Syndromes With or Without PCI Improved outcomes in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction during the last 20 years are related to implementation of evidence-based treatments: experiences from the SWEDEHEART registry 1995-2014 Coronary Angiography in Patients With Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Without ST-Segment Elevation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Clinical TrialVolume 72, Issue 1, July 2018

JOURNAL:J Am Coll Cardiol. Article Link

Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Anticoagulated Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

C J-Y Lee, TA Gerds, N Carlson et al. Keywords: apixaban; dabigatran; direct oral anticoagulant; rivaroxaban; vitamin K antagonist

Abstract


BACKGROUND - Evidence is conflicting as to the efficacy of direct oral anticoagulation (DOAC) and vitamin K antagonist (VKA) for prevention of myocardial infarction (MI).

OBJECTIVES - This study aimed to investigate the risk of MI associated with the use of apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and VKA in patients with atrial fibrillation.

METHODS - Patients with atrial fibrillation were identified using Danish health care registers and stratified by initial oral anticoagulant treatment. Standardized absolute 1-year risks were estimated based on Cox regression for hazard rates of MI hospitalizations and mortality. Reported were absolute risks separately for the oral anticoagulation treatments and standardized to the characteristics of the study population.

RESULTS - Of the 31,739 patients included (median age, 74 years; 47% females), the standardized 1-year risk of MI for VKA was 1.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3 to 1.8), apixaban was 1.2% (95% CI: 0.9 to 1.4), dabigatran was 1.2% (95% CI: 1.0 to 1.5), and rivaroxaban was 1.1% (95% CI: 0.8 to 1.3). No significant risk differences were observed in the standardized 1-year risks of MI among the DOACs: dabigatran versus apixaban (0.04%; 95% CI: −0.3 to 0.4), rivaroxaban versus apixaban (0.1%; 95% CI: −0.4 to 0.3), and rivaroxaban versus dabigatran (−0.1%; 95% CI: −0.5 to 0.2). The risk differences for DOACs versus VKA were all significant: −0.4% (95% CI: −0.7 to −0.1) for apixaban, −0.4% (95% CI: −0.7 to −0.03) for dabigatran, and −0.5% (95% CI: −0.8 to −0.2) for rivaroxaban.

CONCLUSIONS - No significant risk differences of MI were found in the direct comparisons of DOACs, and DOACs were all associated with a significant risk reduction of MI compared with VKA.