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Diagnostic performance of noninvasive myocardial perfusion imaging using single-photon emission computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and positron emission tomography imaging for the detection of obstructive coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis Wearable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapy for the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis The Year in Cardiovascular Medicine 2020: Coronary Prevention: Looking back on the Year in Cardiovascular Medicine for 2020 in the field of coronary prevention is Professor Ramon Estruch, Dr Luis Ruilope, and Professor Francesco Cosentino. Mark Nicholls meets them Atherosclerosis — An Inflammatory Disease Impact of Abnormal Coronary Reactivity on Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Women 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk: The Task Force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) Non-invasive detection of coronary inflammation using computed tomography and prediction of residual cardiovascular risk (the CRISP CT study): a post-hoc analysis of prospective outcome data High-risk plaque detected on coronary CT angiography predicts acute coronary syndromes independent of significant stenosis in acute chest pain: results from the ROMICAT-II trial Targeting the Immune System in Atherosclerosis: JACC State-of-the-Art Review Association of White Matter Hyperintensities and Cardiovascular Disease: The Importance of Microcirculatory Disease

Original Research2010 Jan;5(6):709-15.

JOURNAL:EuroIntervention. Article Link

Diffuse atherosclerotic left main coronary artery disease unmasked by fractal geometric law applied to quantitative coronary angiography: an angiographic and intravascular ultrasound study

Motreff P, Rioufol G, Gilard M et al. Keywords: diffuse atherosclerotic left main coronary artery disease; diffuse atheroma; LMCA; IVUS

ABSTRACT

AIMS - Angiographic analysis of left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis can be hindered by the lack of any reference segment when the LMCA is short or there is diffuse atheroma. Fractal geometric law (FGL) enables the theoretic diameter of one bifurcation vessel to be calculated from those of the other two (Dmother=0.678*(Ddaughter1+Ddaughter2). Applied to the LMCA, the FGL can help the quantification of stenoses.


METHODS AND RESULTS - Fifty-two patients with angiographically mild focal LMCA disease (n=14) or normal to nearly normal LMCA (n=38) who had undergone intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) were included. IVUS analysis confirmed all 14 focal stenoses (group C); of the 38 angiographically normal patients, however, 10 were found to present diffuse LMCA disease (group B), the remaining 28 showing a truly healthy LMCA (group A). LMCA stenosis in groups A,B and C was respectively 3%,4% and 42% on usual quantitative coronary angiography(QCA) and 5%, 31% and 43% on QCAfractal applying the FGL. In cases of diffuse atheroma, the FGL corrected the underestimation of LMCA diameter, which averaged 1.2 mm. conclusions: Angiographic underestimation of LMCA stenosis can be corrected by applying the FGL to obtain a theoretic LMCA diameter, thereby unmasking any diffuse atherosclerotic LMCA disease, or to quantify focal stenosis more precisely where the adjacent segments are also pathological.